![]() While in Bharuch and Surat, a schismoccurred among the Bohras, and new community of Sunni Bohras was created. In the sixteenth century, the Memon community immigrated from Sindh and settled in Kutch and Kathiawar. This led to a conversion of a number of Hindu Gujarati people to Islam, and led to the creation of new communities such as the Molesalam and Miyana communities. This ushered a period of five centuries of Muslim Turkic and Mughal ruler. In the thirteenth century, the last Hindu ruler Karna, was defeated by Alauddin Khilji, the Turkic Sultan of Dehli. ![]() Gujarat at this time was ruled by the Valabhi dynasty. They laid the foundation of the Bohra and Khoja communities. Many of these early merchants were Ismaili, both Mustaali and Nizari. They were later joinded by Persian traders. Islam came early to Gujarat, with immigrant communities of Arab trading communities settling on the western seacoast of India as early as the 8th Century A.D. Located in the westermost portion of central India, Gujarat includes the region of Kutch, Saurashtra, and the territories between the rivers Banas and Damanganga. According to a survey carried out by the anthropologist Satish Chandra Misra in early 1960s, he identified the following Muslim communities in Gujarat, in the order of their numerical strength: Shaikh, Bohra (Sunni Hanafi), Pathan, Momin, Bohra (Ismaili Mustaali), Ghanchi, Malik, Garasia, Syed, Fakir, Musalman, Mansoori, Khatki, Chhippa, Kadia, Sipahi, Tai, Memon, Patel Vohra, Sindhi.Sandhi, Hajam, Pinjara, Mughal, Kasbati, Kumbhar, Dudhwala, Baluch, Makrani, Behlim, Qureshi, Mirasi, Khatri, Khokhar, Dhobi, and Jat.
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